Muri iki gihe, abantu benshi kandi benshi bifuza guhuza pompe yubushyuhe bwo mu kirere hamwe na sisitemu ya Solar PV kugirango babike ingufu nyinshi. Mbere yibyo, reka twige amakuru amwe yerekeye itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bwa sisitemu ya PV.
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwa Solar PV Sisitemu:
Urusobekerane rwahujwe cyangwa rukoreshwa-sisitemu
Sisitemu Yonyine
Sisitemu ya Hybrid
Reka dusuzume ubwoko butatu bwa sisitemu ya PV muburyo burambuye:
1. Sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu
Sisitemu ya PV ihuza sisitemu ntabwo ikenera ububiko bwa batiri. Ariko, burigihe birashoboka kongeramo bateri mumirasire y'izuba.
(A) Sisitemu ihuza PV Sisitemu idafite Bateri
Sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu ni shingiro ryibanze rikoresha gride ihujwe na inverter. Nibyiza kubantu bifuza guhitamo izuba kugirango bakoreshe. Abaguzi barashobora kungukirwa no gupima net. Ibipimo byiza biradufasha kohereza ingufu zisagutse kuri gride. Muri ubu buryo, abakiriya bagomba kwishyura gusa itandukaniro ryingufu bakoresha. Sisitemu ihujwe na gride ifite imirasire yizuba ikurura imirasire yizuba, hanyuma igahinduka mumashanyarazi (DC). DC noneho ikoreshwa na inverter ya sisitemu yizuba ihindura ingufu za DC guhinduranya amashanyarazi (AC). AC irashobora gukoreshwa nibikoresho byo murugo muburyo bashingira kuri sisitemu ya gride.
Inyungu nyamukuru yo gukoresha sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro ni uko idahenze ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa sisitemu yizuba PV. Byongeye, itanga igishushanyo mbonera nkuko sisitemu idakeneye imbaraga zose zurugo. Ingaruka nyamukuru ya sisitemu ihujwe na sisitemu ni uko idatanga uburinzi ubwo aribwo bwose.
(B) Imiyoboro ihujwe na PV Sisitemu hamwe na Bateri
Harimo bateri muri sisitemu ya PV itanga ubwigenge bwingufu murugo. Bitera kugabanuka kwishingikiriza kumashanyarazi ya gride hamwe nabacuruzi bingufu hamwe no kwizeza ko amashanyarazi ashobora gukurwa mumashanyarazi mugihe izuba ridatanga ingufu zihagije.
2. Sisitemu Yihariye
Sisitemu yihariye ya PV (nanone yitwa sisitemu izuba riva) ntabwo ihujwe na gride. Kubwibyo, bisaba igisubizo cyo kubika batiri. Sisitemu ya PV isanzwe ifite akamaro mukarere ka cyaro ifite ikibazo cyo guhuza sisitemu ya gride. Kubera ko, sisitemu idashingira kububiko bwamashanyarazi, birakwiriye gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi nka pompe zamazi, umuyaga uhumeka, hamwe na sisitemu yo gushyushya izuba. Ni ngombwa gusuzuma sosiyete izwi niba uteganya kujya muri sisitemu ya PV yihariye. Ni ukubera ko ikigo cyashinzwe kizatanga garanti mugihe kirekire. Ariko, niba sisitemu yihariye ifatwa mugukoresha urugo, igomba gutegurwa kuburyo ishobora gukemura ibibazo byingufu zurugo hamwe nibisabwa byo kwishyuza bateri. Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe za PV zifite na backup generator zashyizweho nkurwego rwinyongera.
Ariko, gahunda nkiyi irashobora kubahenze gushiraho no kubungabunga.
Imbere ijyanye na sisitemu yizuba ya PV ni uko bisaba kugenzura buri gihe kurwanya ruswa hamwe na bateri ya electrolyte.
3. Sisitemu ya Hybrid PV
Sisitemu ya Hybrid PV ni ihuriro ryamasoko menshi yingufu kugirango uzamure kuboneka no gukoresha imbaraga. Sisitemu nkiyi irashobora gukoresha ingufu zituruka kumasoko nkumuyaga, izuba, cyangwa hydrocarbone. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu ya Hybrid PV ikunze gushyigikirwa na bateri kugirango yongere imikorere ya sisitemu. Hariho inyungu zitandukanye zo gukoresha sisitemu ya Hybrid. Inkomoko nyinshi zingufu bivuze ko sisitemu idashingiye kumasoko runaka yingufu. Kurugero, niba ikirere kidahagije kubyara ingufu zizuba zihagije, PV array irashobora kwishyuza bateri. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, niba ari umuyaga cyangwa ibicu, turbine yumuyaga irashobora gukemura ibisabwa byo kwishyuza bateri. Sisitemu ya Hybrid PV ikwiranye neza n’ahantu hitaruye hamwe na gride ntoya.
Nubwo ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru, hari ibibazo bike bifitanye isano na sisitemu ya Hybrid. Kurugero, bikubiyemo igishushanyo mbonera nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho. Byongeye kandi, amasoko menshi yingufu arashobora kongera ibiciro byimbere.
Umwanzuro
Sisitemu zitandukanye za PV zavuzwe haruguru ni ingirakamaro mubice bitandukanye byo gukoresha. Mugihe duhisemo kwinjizamo sisitemu imwe, turashaka gusaba Grid-ihuza PV Sisitemu idafite Bateri, nyuma yo kuringaniza ibiciro no gukoresha ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-31-2022