Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu (IEA) cyagaragaje muri raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa gatatu ko ikibazo cy’ingufu ku isi cyihutishije guhindura ingufu, kandi pompe ikora neza, izigama ingufu ndetse na pompe y’ubushyuhe buke na yo yabaye ihitamo rishya. Biteganijwe ko kugurisha kwisi yose pompe yubushyuhe bizazamuka kurwego rwo hejuru mumyaka mike iri imbere.
Muri raporo idasanzwe “Ejo hazaza h’ubushyuhe”, IEA yakoze isi yose ku bijyanye na pompe z'ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwa pompe ni tekinoroji nshya yingufu zashimishije abantu kwisi yose mumyaka yashize. By'umwihariko, pompe yubushyuhe nigikoresho gishobora kubona ingufu zubushyuhe bwo mu rwego rwo hasi ziva mu kirere gisanzwe, amazi cyangwa ubutaka, kandi bigatanga ingufu z’ubushyuhe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru zishobora gukoreshwa n’abantu binyuze mu mirimo y’amashanyarazi.
IEA yavuze ko pompe yubushyuhe ari igisubizo cyiza kandi cyangiza ikirere. Inyubako nyinshi kwisi zirashobora gukoresha pompe yubushyuhe mugushyushya, zishobora gufasha abaguzi kuzigama amafaranga no kugabanya kwishingira ibihugu ku bicanwa by’ibinyabuzima.
Isoko rya pompe yubushyuhe ryagize iterambere rikomeye mumyaka yashize kubera ibiciro biri hasi hamwe nubushake bukomeye. Mu 2021, ibicuruzwa byo kugurisha pompe ku isi byiyongereyeho hafi 15% umwaka ushize, harimo n’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byiyongereyeho 35%.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ingufu ku isi, biteganijwe ko igurishwa rya pompe z’ubushyuhe mu 2022 rizagera ku rwego rwo hejuru, cyane cyane mu Burayi. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2022, igurishwa ry’ibihugu bimwe ryikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri ugereranije n’icyo gihe cyashize.
IEA yizera ko niba leta zitezimbere neza kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse n’intego z’umutekano w’ingufu, mu 2030, igurishwa ry’umwaka wa pompe y’ubushyuhe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi rishobora kuva kuri miliyoni 2 mu 2021 rikagera kuri miliyoni 7, bihwanye no kwiyongera inshuro 2.5.
Umuyobozi wa IEA, Birol, yavuze ko pompe y’ubushyuhe ari kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n’iterambere, kandi ko ari igisubizo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kugira ngo gikemure ikibazo cy’ingufu ziriho ubu.
Birol yongeyeho ko ikoranabuhanga rya pompe y’ubushyuhe ryageragejwe kandi rikageragezwa, kandi rishobora gukora no mu bihe bikonje cyane. Abafata ibyemezo bagomba gushyigikira byimazeyo ikoranabuhanga. Amapompo ashyushye azagira uruhare runini mu gushyushya urugo, kurinda ingo n’inganda zitishoboye ku giciro cyo hejuru, no kugera ku ntego z’ikirere.
Nk’uko imibare ya IEA ibigaragaza, ukurikije igiciro cy’ingufu ziriho ubu, ikiguzi cy’ingufu zazigamiwe n’imiryango y’Abanyaburayi n’Abanyamerika bahindura amapompo y’ubushyuhe buri mwaka kiva ku madolari 300 kugeza 900.
Icyakora, ikiguzi cyo kugura no gushyiraho pompe yubushyuhe gishobora kuba inshuro ebyiri kugeza enye z’ibikomoka kuri gaze, bisaba leta gutanga inkunga ikenewe. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu birenga 30 byashyize mu bikorwa ingamba zo gutera inkunga amapompo y’ubushyuhe.
IEA ivuga ko mu 2030, pompe z'ubushyuhe zishobora kugabanya imyuka ya gaze karuboni ku isi byibura toni miliyoni 500, ibyo bikaba bihwanye na buri mwaka imyuka ya dioxyde de carbone isohoka mu modoka zose zo mu Burayi. Byongeye kandi, pompe yubushyuhe irashobora kandi guhaza bimwe mubikenerwa ninganda zinganda, cyane cyane mubipapuro, ibiribwa ninganda.
Birol yashimye ko ibisabwa byose kugira ngo isoko rya pompe y’ubushyuhe ryitegurwe, bitwibutsa inzira y’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi. Amapompo ashyushye yakemuye ibibazo by’ingutu by’abafata ibyemezo benshi mu bijyanye no kubona ingufu, umutekano w’itangwa n’ikibazo cy’ikirere, kandi bizagira uruhare runini mu bukungu n’ibidukikije mu gihe kiri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2023